Hello folks,
For my research analysis and writing class my professor let me pick any topic I want. (her mistake) So for my final term paper I chose to come up with a method of determining a guide to the use of the "rule of cool." I got a A on the paper so I figured I'd share it with you fine folks as well. It is rather lengthy so I've included the abstract first. The 8 tips for dungeon masters is near the end (third session), the first and second parts deal more with the philosophical and ethics of games. So, if situational ethics and a discussion on the Mechanics, Dynamics, and Aesthetics of Play are of use for you, be my guess.
I am a relatively new DM so I spent a long time researching and trying to absorb what would make me a "good DM". With that cavate please keep in mind I know next to nothing compared to a vast majority of the DMs here. I can think of no place better to have this paper peer-reviewed, picked apart and "rebutalled" to death than here. If you feel offended, challenged, or angry reading this... Please understand I am a moron borrowing the works and words of far smarter people. If you feel that "this is the WAY" again... I am a moron... so ... with out further ado.

Abstract:

The choice to be a stringent rule-follower without leniency using fanatical legalism in a game can be a source of contention between someone acting as a referee and/or “Game Master” and players of a game. Likewise, to approach games with a sense of fanatical antinomianism, or to completely ignore the rules and simply let players do whatever they want, tends to offer no challenge, and or reason to play that specific game. Using ethical theory frameworks such as situational ethics, natural law, and utilitarianism this paper seeks find the philosophical principles of what moments are acceptable and actually beneficial to bend the rules of a game. As such, it is important to define games, briefly discuss why games are played, and roles rules have on games. The game Dungeons and Dragons 5th edition will be used as the principal example. With “rule for rules” established, seven tips on how to implement it this rule using advice and guidance from some of the most well known “Dungeon Masters” in the modern era will be provided.
Much of this paper relies on the works of Joseph Fletcher, Sheila Murphy; Benard Suits, Robin Hunicke, Marc LeBlanc, and Robert Zubek for the ethical and philosophical discussions around games. For the practical advice, it relies primarily on the works of Matthew Mercer, Brennan Lee Mulligan, Benjamin Scott, Patrick Tracy, Kelly Mclaughlin and Monty Martin.
Players are your friends, or at the very least your fellow human beings. As such, seek out what is best for them. Games are about many things but principally about enjoyment. It’s okay if the player does not get exactly what they want, so long as they still had enjoyment. How it happens is up to the players, the one running the game, and whether the rules were used to enhance the experience or not. It’s possible to find that balance by asking these questions in order: “How will this decision affect: the final enjoyment of all at the table? the narrative? the rules in the future?”

**“Once upon a time, around a table…”

A man behind a cardboard screen sits across from a woman wearing a funny hat. He is frantically reading through the pages of the various books at his disposal. He finds the reference he is looking for, but it is not clear. “It is technically against the rules, it is barely within the realm of possibility, but the idea is so creative…” the man murmurs to himself. Exasperated, the man smiles a crooked grin and explains, “Well you can certainly try… give me an acrobatics check.” The woman throws a piece of plastic resin on to the table. The dice reads, “18.” The man sighs and then laments, “fine… how do you want to do this?” The table erupts in cheers, as high-fives are given from the others around the table. The woman adjusts her hat, as she gleefully explains how her character will use the momentum of several falling barrels to move across the map in a single turn without having to use all her character’s movement.
As a “Dungeon Master” (DM) for the tabletop role playing game, Dungeons and Dragons (D&D), I can say without a doubt that many DMs have encountered extremely similar events as the one described above. The choice to be a stringent rule-follower without leniency can be a source of much resentment between the DM and the players around the table. Likewise, to completely ignore the rules and simply let players do whatever they want offers no challenge, no reason to play. In terms of D&D rule enforcement, as is with many events in life, the choice of always being either a “Harsh Disciplinarian” or the lenient, “Laissez Faire Guide” is a false dichotomy. Instead, seeking balance between the two choices based first on the overall needs of the players, second on the needs of the story, and third on requirements and rules of the game should be the norm.

Session 1: What is the Relationship between, Players, Games and Rules?

The 19th century philosopher and founder of modern cultural history, John Hughes once wrote, “Play is older than culture, for culture, however inadvertently defined, always presupposes human society and animals have not waited for man to teach them their playing.” ¹ Why do humans play? Is it instinctual? Bernard Suits was a Distinguished Emeritus Professor of Philosophy for the University of Waterloo and his essays are in part responsible for the field of philosophy of games in the late 20th century. In his book, “The Grasshopper: Games, Life and Utopia,” Suits’ book uses Aesop’s fable about the grasshopper to argue that play is what we would do in a perfect civilization. He believed that in a world devoid of work, humans would still seek out challenges through play, suggesting that it is human nature to challenge ourselves.² But is that the only reason someone plays a game?
One YouTuber opined that “In a practical sense, games facilitate systemic thinking by getting us to view abstractions, but also engender creativity by getting us to play.”³ If true, these are essential tools for humanity to function as an intelligent race. This makes sense from an evolutionary level as to why humanity would develop play, but is there more to it than “games encourage outside the box thinking?”
The landmark paper titled, “MDA: A formal approach to game design and game research” is one of the earliest attempts to formalize the field of video game design theory and it is fundamental to how modern game designers look at these systems. It serves to define the importance of mechanic, dynamics, and aesthetics of play and is instrumental to helping understand what players will expect out of a game. We will discuss more about dynamics and mechanics later, but first let us focus on aesthetics.
Aesthetics of Play Defined

Term	Definition	Examples
Sense Pleasure	Enjoyment derived from how it stimulates the senses	The visuals of a game, sound, and music, feel of the dice, etc.
Fantasy	Enjoyment derived from the ability to step into a role that cannot be experienced in real life	Playing a game as a magic wielding sorcerer or rocks in the far flung reaches of outer space
Narrative	Enjoyment derived from game as drama, it is about the stories and experience gained	Heavily story driven games such as Last of Us, Dungeons and Dragons, Final Fantasy
Challenge	Enjoyment derived from overcoming an arbitrary obstacle	Platformers like Mario, or even drinking games like beer pong, or corn hole; social games like charades, etc.
Fellowship	Enjoyment from working cooperatively as a group to accomplish a goal	Team based or social games such as Among Us, the card game Spades; save the world mode on Fortnite
Competition	Enjoyment from showing dominance	Chess or Go, Battle royal games such as Fortnite or PubG or Call of Duty; Fallguys; darts Poker; Uno, Killer bunnies or Magic the Gathering;
Discovery	Enjoyment from uncovering the new or discovering news ways to play a game.	These can range from searching to find things to choose your own adventure Minecraft; Zelda Breath of the Wild; simple matching games; the board game Betrayal at the House on the Hill; or games like Fable; Dragon Age Inquisition; or Mass effect
Expression	Enjoyment from showing an aspect of one’s self; or games that allow full customization of characters	Creation games like Minecraft; role play games like fallout 4; world of warcraft or Fortnite
Submission (aka Abnegation)	Enjoyment from being able to “turn of the brain; and tune out the world” or what is also known as zone out factor.	Bejeweled; candy crush; the lever-pull games at casinos, solitaire, etc.
	(Source: Portnow & Floyd, October 2012)⁵

Aesthetics are things like sense pleasure, fantasy, the narrative of the story, challenge, fellowship, discovery, expression, and something called submission.⁴ There is an additional aesthetic that most game designers also consider when designing games termed as “competition”.⁵ These are all reasons people play games and it is important to keep all these in mind when acting as a DM.
The table above works to define these terms more appropriately and makes it easier to reference later. The reasons a player may want to play a game vary and change over time. If a DM can understand their players’ goals (i.e., what the player hopes to get out of the game) the DM will be able to understand why someone might want to perform a certain action, play a game, or want to ignore a certain rule in the first place.
On that note, what are rules in games? Think about it… Games are weird… well I should say the act of playing a game… is weird. Suits once wrote in his article, for the “Philosophy of Science Association Journal,” "To play a game is to engage in activity directed towards bringing about a specific state of affairs, using only means permitted by rules, where the rules prohibit more efficient [means] in favor of less efficient means, and where such rules are accepted just because they make possible such activity."⁶ In other words, to play a game we create rules that prevent us from achieving a goal through the easiest means available. Instead, we make something more difficult and we play a game. For instance, in basketball, it would be far easier to simply carry the ball all the way to the basket instead of dribbling it.
In D&D, there is a similar activity to dribbling. It is called a “dice roll.” It is something that players must make to see if they succeed or fail at a task. The player rolls a 20-sided die and tries to get above a certain score to succeed. Players can roll normal, with advantage, or with disadvantage. Rolling with advantage allows the player to roll the D-20 (the 20-sided die) twice and use the higher number. Rolling with disadvantage also has the player roll the D-20 twice, but they must take the lower number rolled instead. It introduces a chance of randomness, and players will find any excuse they can to avoid having to make a roll with "disadvantage." In his book, The Grasshopper, Suits argues that we do this because it is the act of overcoming that limitation that we find enjoyment. By taking on these restrictions and accepting these limitations, we take on what he coins as a "lusory attitude" which allows us to play the game as it is meant to be played.
Suits would argue that by not playing the game according to the rules as written, the player would have only achieved a “quasi-victory” not really worthy of achievement. He also goes on to say that even the act of “failing to win the game by virtue of losing it implies an achievement, in the sense that the activity in question -- playing the game -- has been successfully, even though not victoriously, complete.”⁷ So, according to Suits, it’s better to follow the rules of the game and loose than to not follow the rules and win. It’s important to point out that the aesthetics of play had not yet been defined and Suits’ work mainly focused on the “challenge” aspect of play. This is where many sports and game philosophers begin to find fault with Suits. In the “Journal of Philosophy of Sport,” a rebuttal of Suits’ work by David Myers asks, “What if the goal of the player isn't to follow the rules or even play the game?”⁸ For instance, what happens if the player is motivated by competition and doesn’t care about rules so long as “they win?” While an extreme example, this paradox isn’t out of the realm of possibility. Therefore, focusing on just the challenge aesthetic of game play and simply playing the game “rules as written” can lead to a disconnect between what the player desires and the game itself.
Jesper Juul, an Associate Professor in the School of Design at the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts, wrote in his textbook on video game design, “Rules specify limitations and affordances. They prohibit players from performing actions such as making jewelry out of dice, but they also add meaning to the allowed actions, and this affords players meaningful actions that were not otherwise available; rules give games structure”⁹ Basically, without rules we cannot even have play. However, if the player ignores the rules that player won’t be able to enjoy the full experience of the game, because the rules both afford the opportunity to enjoy the game and provide the obstacles in the first place.
How the rules affect actual game play is where Mechanics and Dynamics come into play. (See, I told you we would get back to it eventually.) Mechanics are the rules and systems that govern chance to create the game we experience. Dynamics are how those rules come together to govern the strategies of that game. In D&D, an example of mechanics is how a player would have to roll a 20-sided dice to see if an action would succeed. Dynamics are the actions the player takes to manipulate the situation and give themselves advantage in the roll. Some examples of this are using a spell caster’s familiar, flanking an enemy in combat, using the bend luck trait, or lucky feat. This is akin to how the rules of poker dictate that bluffing is allowed (mechanics); but how the bluffing player conceals their tells and bets is entirely up to that player (dynamics).
What happens when the player’s desired aesthetics and the mechanics don’t allow for the dynamics the player wants to use? This is where it falls on the DM to determine if the game can handle a little rule bending. In the Dungeon Master Guide’s introduction, it states “The D&D rules help you and the other players have a good time, but the rules aren’t in charge. You’re the DM, and you are in charge of the game…” However! It goes on to say, “The success of a D&D game hinges on your ability to entertain the other players at the game table.” What is a good way to approach this? Is it THE DM IS ALWAYS RIGHT, able to enforce their will on the players whenever it suits their need? Should the DM strictly enforce the rules and narrative of their planned story without the need to appease the players’ wants and desires?... well… The DM COULD do it, but it won’t be long before their players stop showing to game sessions. Just like the rules, without players, there is no game. Or as one notable professional DM and YouTuber once put it:

“The game you weave belongs to the players as much as yourself… so make sure to humor them every once in awhile by giving them a chance to be extraordinary" - Patrick "the Goddam DM" Tracy ¹⁰

Session 2: The Ethics of a Dungeon Master

So how does someone seek a balance between the rules and the players? Enter situational ethics. Situational ethics, first proposed by philosopher and first professor of ethics at Harvard Medical School, Joseph Fletcher,** is an attempt to seek a middle ground between two ethical schools of thought: Legalism and Antinomianism. In legalism, morality must come from a strict set of rules that must be obeyed at all times and cannot be deviated from or broken for any reason. Antinomianism, on the other hand, is the idea that there should be no rules, you should be able to do what you want, whenever you want (lawless society). ¹¹
In D&D terms, "Fanatical Legalism" would be similar to what many DMs would characterize as "Lawful Stupid," where a certain player's character enforces harsh judgement without ever showing mercy to those who would break the law regardless of the circumstances… even to the detriment of the party… or that small band of orphans who were stealing food out of desperation…
Likewise, in D&D terms, "Fanatical Antinomianism" would be similar to what DMs would characterize as "Chaotic Stupid," where a player's character completely ignores consequences an action would bring and simply act according to their whims… even when it's an obvious trap… that has a 100 percent chance to damage not only your character, but the other players as well.
Fletcher's work states that the morally right thing to do depends on the situation and can change throughout the situation, but at the same time, there is a universal “moral law” on which to base our actions that he called "Agape" love. Derived from the Greek word of similar pronunciation, Fletcher sought to define Agape as a means to show love for your fellow human. In his book titled “Situational Ethics,” Fletcher states, "All laws, rules, principles, ideals and norms, are only contingent, only valid if they happen to serve love."¹² Or to put it a different way, a desire to see your fellow human be happy is and should be the goal. It is not really a feeling, but an attitude to do what is best for others.
In terms of the D&D alignment chart, this would be easiest to define as whether someone is "Good" or "Evil." Whereas a “good character” is someone who acts for the betterment of others regardless of personal motivations, conversely an “evil character” acts out of their own self-interests regardless of how this action would affect others. Those that follow the concept of Agape would be “good characters.” Those that do not, would be evil.
This is where the so-called “Rule of Cool” comes into play. Mathew Mercer, an extremely acclaimed DM, comedian, and writer of D&D’s “Explorer’s Guide to Wild Mount,” and host of the show “Critical Roll,” defines the Rule of Cool as a trope in the D&D community that is “the willing suspension of disbelief for the sake of a cool moment.”¹³ It’s used in moments where the use of an certain object or action would be nearly impossible according to the mechanics of the game, but because it is a “cool dynamic,” the DM allows it. But what is “cool?” Is it a player that is normally too nervous to speak up being able to do something unique on time despite it being against the rules? Is it a player that has spent considerable time perfecting a skill and being able to perform a truly “epic task” (such as the jumping across barrels to effectively triple their movement distance)? Is it succeeding in persuading the main villain to befriend the party through a series of increasingly complex but successful rolls?
In all these situations listed above, there is a common theme that ties all the principles of what this paper is trying to address together in a simple phrase. As a DM, before making a ruling ask, "How will this decision affect the final enjoyment of all at the table?" Now a DM cannot give the players everything they want. Doing so cheapens the truly extraordinary moments. Finding the right balance can be difficult. That is why the flow chart above is suggested when trying to figure out whether it is a good time to “Remember the Rule of Cool.”
https://i.redd.it/f362ghdjlqf61.png

Session 3: “Well… You can Certainly Try”- Some Famous DM

Finally, we can discuss how the desire to make the most enjoyable experience for everyone at the table plays out using real-world examples and advice from some of the most well-known DMs in the business. Using the concept of Situational Ethics’ Agape, we can see how to work in the rule of cool using eight tips for Dungeon Masters.
Tip 1: It is advised to know your audience.
Not everything is as it seems, so be sure to pay attention to your players and look at them when you are describing the situation. Make note of how they react when tones or themes change. Remember those reasons people play games mentioned earlier? This is where those come into play. Additionally, while not something outright suggested, it is nevertheless important to take team dynamics into account.
The book “Four lenses unfolded” describes how various personality types can interact and work to solve problems. In it, the book describes four primary temperaments: Green (analytical), Blue (empathetic), Orange (adventurous), and Gold (goal oriented). Unlike most other personality tests, four lenses theory suggests that while we have a dominant personality at any given moment, other aspects of these personalities can manifest as well. Being able to draw on these aspects at will is the mark of a “mature” individual.¹⁴ As a DM/referee, coach, or manager, being able to do this and adapt to the needs of the players will take player engagement to the next level.
Tip 2: Establishing and Managing Expectations Early and Often, Works to Prevent Disappointment and Confusions
Mercer once put it this way, “Establish early on in your campaign how much of a level of crazy you're willing to allow. This allows for players to better understand what to try for and what not to try for.”¹⁵ Whether you are a teacher, referee, coach, parent, supervisor, or mentor, establishing expectations with those involved mitigates problems before they arise.
One of the main tools DM’s have for this is that is recommended by Mercer, as well as nearly every DM in existence on the internet, is the “Session Zero.” Session Zero is a term used to describe a session where no play occurs but instead rules that will be used and rules that will be ignored or bent is established. It also serves to establish a theme the players can expect from any campaign. Using the first chapter of the DMs guide will help considerably in establishing this. Additionally, one of the best guides for this is laid out by the DM YouTubers known as “the Dungeon Dudes” in their video titled, “How to Run a Session Zero for Dungeons and Dragons 5e.”¹⁶ But always keep Agape in mind throughout this process. In this step, it means actively listening to the players. The DM may want a gritty, tough, realistic, and challenging campaign. But if the players want a high fantasy power trip, some adjustments are going to need to be made to the campaign. Listening to players and changing the plans accordingly is not easy. It requires A LOT of humility and ego suppression. Especially when the DM has already designed how the game is going to go… which leads us to the next tip.
Tip 3: It is important to develop a healthy relationship with failure.
Celebrated author Orson Wells once wrote; “If you want a happy ending, that of course, is dependent of where you stop your story.”¹⁷ This applies to both the players and DM. There will be times when the DM is tempted to ignore the rules because the consequences seem dire. The player fails an athletics check trying to use a dynamic that had a high-risk, high-reward moment. Now the player’s character is doomed to fall several hundred feet down a ravine to what is likely certain doom in lava. But this isn’t the end. That player’s character is most likely dead, but their death could result in a moment of drama and tension for the players. It’s the very real chance of failure that encourages players to think critically about a situation and experience excitement and tension. Brennon Lee Mulligan, the DM of the D&D streaming show, “Dimension 20,” put it this way… “if you are not allowing for failure, you are essentially just telling a story,” and thus never actually playing a game (make-believe as Suits would put it). ¹⁸
Another thing to consider is that through failure, we can often find comedy as well as ways to encourage players to think critically and find new escapes, ¹⁹ at least according to the mind behind the “Replaying the Curse of Strahd” videos, Benjamin (Puffin Forest) Scott. Lastly, Mercer strongly advises that if a DM allows too many “rule of cool moments” to happen in succession, the weight of the moments and consistency of the game will be lost. ²⁰
Players that are afraid to fail will not try. Mercer explains that “Most role play games are designed to forge a heroic story (showing feats of legend) so let the players try! Let them fail, and occasionally succeed!” This is where his catch phrase “you can certainly try” comes from. ²¹
Tip 4: Whenever Possible, Avoid Taking Things Personally
In his lecture on not talking things personally, soccer referee and public speaker, Frederik Imbo, explained there are two sides of a coin to keep in mind when trying not to take things personally: “It is not about you,” and “it is about you.” ²² Look at the other person’s intentions not just yours. With that in mind, it is okay to give yourself empathy and speak up. When someone seems upset with you, ask what are they hoping to get out of this releasing of emotions? Additionally, ensure that your pride isn’t preventing you from making the correct call. Yes I am talking about Ego again; it is that important! It is the DM’s world, but it is the players’ game. Without both, the world and the game, you do not have D&D.
D&D has a weird paradox of being both a story and a game. It has both a narrative as its core premise, but it is, in fact, also a multi-player game. Without at least two people you cannot really have much fun. DMs should make sure that everyone at the table enjoys themselves.
Tip 5: Mechanics are important precisely because they are a means of delivering impactful story moments.
Remember that rule of cool concept? Extraordinary moments don’t happen often, and this is by design of the mechanics of the game. Humans remember the novel and unique way more often than the mundane. Mundane things tend to blend into the background. It’s the unexpected moments that highlight the more impactful story moments, especially if that moment is tied to strong emotions.²³
With that in mind, Mulligan suggests looking at where the players are putting their resources before deciding how to rule on a situation. Have they invested experience points/levels into a specific skill that is relevant to this situation instead of just something they can use in combat? If so, reward them for wanting to do something that is a part of the world you are creating together. ²⁴
Tip 6: Discourage metagaming but allow it whenever possible.
Look for any and every excuse you can to give advantage on an arcana check by setting the DC low (10 or higher). If the player succeeds, they can use what they know… they are going to anyway, but at least then they can talk about it with the other players.
According to the DM guide Chapter 8, metagame thinking means “thinking about the game as a game,” Examples would be thinking “the DM wouldn’t throw such a powerful monster at us so early in the game, so we will surely be saved and not have to take this fight seriously,” or “the DM spent A LOT of time describing that door… maybe we should search it again!” ²⁵
The problem with metagaming isn’t really about what advantage the players are getting in the game. The problem is that manipulation of the dynamics, when used to extremes, can spoil the plot line of the cumulative story being told. This can lessen the drama and tension elements resulting in decreased enjoyment of those involved. Additionally, it can create a dynamic where the DM is constantly having to escalate encounters to challenge the player, encouraging a potentially toxic “DM vs player” mentality.
For instance, how would a street orphan barbarian with no formal education and a wisdom of …let’s say very low…be able to know that liches phylactery is the source of their power. The solution here depends on why the players are playing this specific game. Is it the narrative of the story? Is it discovery? If these aren’t anywhere close to the reasons these players came to the game table in the first place, the narrative is not going to take as much of a factor into decisions. Metagaming in this instance isn’t going to be much of a problem.
Tip 7: Keep in mind, the ending is “A” destination, but the story is about how you get there.
A DM may hold off the extra cool moments for the final parts of the game, keeping their players in complete darkness and grit the entire way. However, without at least some levity along the way, some “water for the weary travelers,” as Mercer put it, they may not make it to the end.²⁶ So, do not be afraid to relax the rules from time to time to give them those cool moments, but do so sparingly lest the destination lose its luster as well. Always keep in mind it’s about the enjoyment of crafting and playing in the world together that makes this, or really any game, fun.
Tip 8: When all else fails… take a break and have the Tarrasque attack the party.
When all else fails, roll two D-20s out of players’ views… fake a worried expression… role a D-100 (also out of player’s view) look over the score concerned as you pour through your notes… then explain sorrowfully… “I’m sorry… The Tarrasque has risen and has attacked the party. Everyone roll initiative.” This is actual advice from the DM manual. It is right under “faking illness and running away.”²⁷ The point is this: never be afraid to pause or call a game when it’s over or needed.
Maybe something incredibly uncomfortable for a player has happened. Maybe the DM has reached the end of what they were able to prepare for that session. Perhaps everyone is hungry or needs a bathroom break. Maybe the entire table has gotten to a point where no one can agree on anything and team dynamics are breaking down. That game world will always be there… but your friends won’t. Cherish that moment and make as many good moments as possible. Additionally, taking breaks both in-game and in the real world allow for quiet moments. These allow for the greater moments to shine through and the players will enjoy their experience more.
https://i.redd.it/1ncu361zlqf61.png
The graphic above serves to summarize the eight tips above and show their relationship with the narrative, enjoyment, and the rules when put in the context of situational ethics. From this graph, the relationship between the eight tips and how they play into the narrative, enjoyment, and rules of the game can be seen. Each of the tips can influence many parts of the game but they are intended to primarily influence the aspect of the game they are adjacent to. “Knowing the players” should influence the narrative and what kind of enjoyment the players receive. What mechanics are used to enable the game is causally related to how the rules are used and so on. Please note that Agape is at the center as, with every decision a DM makes, considering what is best for the players should be central to the experience of any game.
The Epic Conclusion
Through crafting a game-world together with your players, a DM has the potential to tap into one of the greatest traditions humanity has: camaraderie with friends. At the end of the day, these players are your friends, or at the very least your fellow human beings. As such, you should want what is best for them. Through trials, hardships, and drama, we get to put the punctuation on the moments of excitement, joy, happiness, and bliss. It is okay if the player does not get exactly what they want, so long as they still had enjoyment. This is because getting everything we expect is sometimes boring. However, always keep in mind that at the end of the day, games are about having fun. How that happens is up to the players, the DM, and whether the rules were used to enhance the experience or not. It’s possible to find that balance by asking these questions in order: “How will this decision affect: the final enjoyment of all at the table? the narrative? the rules in the future?”
1 Huizinga, Johan . "Homo Ludens". Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd. (1980), pp. 1., accessed January 19, 2021. http://art.yale.edu/file_columns/0000/1474/ homoludens_johan_huizinga_routledge_1949.pdf
2 Suits, Bernard, “The Grasshopper: Games, Life and Utopia,” Broadview Press. Ed. 3. (November 29, 2005): 54–55. Accessed December 31, 2020. https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/803547.The_Grasshopper
3 The Game Overanalyzer, The Aesthetics of Play | Why We Play Games, and the Search for Truth and Beauty in Game Design. The Game Overanalyzer. (January 11, 2020), accessed 6 January 2021. Video 18:44. https://youtu.be/lONsZwjVDzg
4 Hunicke, Robin, Marc LeBlanc, and Robert Zubek. "MDA: A formal approach to game design and game research." Proceedings of the AAAI Workshop on Challenges in Game AI, vol. 4, no. 1, p. 1722. (2004). Accessed January 11, 2020 https://www.aaai.org/Papers/Workshops/2004/WS-04-04/WS04-04-001.pdf
5 Portnow, James; Floyd, Daniel; Aesthetics of Play- Redefining Genres in Gaming. Extra Credits; (October 17, 2012), Video 9:13. Accessed December 30, 2020. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uepAJ-rqJKA&list=PL3N9QD4_yI-BlnwWUL8hhjpKgqRul3xAa&index=11
6 Suits, Bernard. “Discussion: Games and Paradox.” Chicago University Press. Philosophy of Science Association Journal, Vol 36, no. 3 (September 1, 1969). pg 316–.321. Accessed December 30, 2020. https://www.jstor.org/stable/186226
7 Suits, Bernard. “Discussion: Games and Paradox (1969)
8 Myers, David. “Game as Paradox: A Rebuttal of Suits.” Journal of the philosophy of Sport 39, no. 1 (May 1, 2012). Accessed December 30, 2020. https://search-ebscohost-com.ezproxy2.apus.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip&db=s3h&AN=87342252&site=ehost-live&scope=site.
9 Juul, Jesper. "Half-Real: Video Games between Real Rules and Fictional Worlds", MIT Press, (Aug 19, 2011) pp.57-59
10 Tracy, Patrick. DM Tips: The Rule of Cool. Fantasy Bango. (October 20, 2017). Accessed December 30, 2020. Video 2:23 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x8aAIFalx6s
11 Fletcher, Joseph F. Situation Ethics: The New Morality. Westminster John Knox Press, (1997). Page 17-26 (accessed January 20, 2021) http://bit.ly/Googlescholar_SItuational_Ethics
**Please note that just because Fletcher’s Situational Ethics is used prominently, this is not an endorsement of all his views. Fletcher’s work has been used to justify terrible atrocities, such as eugenics, this should serve to point out that any philosophy taken to extremes can lead to terrible outcomes
12 Fletcher, Joseph F. Situation Ethics: The New Morality. (1997)
13 Mercer, Matthew. The Rule of Cool! (Game Master Tips). Geek & Sundry. (February 16, 2016). Accessed December 30, 2020. Video. 5:52 https://youtu.be/fWZDuFIYkf0
14 Bryce, Nathan K., “Four Lenses Unfolded: A Deeper Understanding of Temperament Values,” Insight; (January 29, 2002,).
15 Mercer, Matthew. The Rule of Cool! (Game Master Tips). (2016).
16 McLaughlin, Kelly; Martin, Monty. "How to Run a Session Zero for Dungeons and Dragons 5e". Dungeon Dudes. (September 3, 2020), Accessed 12 30, 2020. Video. https://youtu.be/2MA-z5Ai-bQ
17 Wells, Orson, "The Big Brass Ring." Santa Teresa Press (1987, January 1) 1-148
18 Mulligan, Brennan; Scott, Benjamin. “Animating Your Table (with Benjamin Scott) | Adventuring Academy Season 2 | Ep. 16 |” Adventuring Academy. Dimension (2020, December 28). Accessed December 30, 2020. Video 1:24:18 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4IbVxEKpipo
19 Mulligan, Brennan; Scott, Benjamin. “Animating Your Table (with Benjamin Scott) (2020)
20 Mercer, Matthew. The Rule of Cool! (Game Master Tips). (2016)..
21 Mercer, Matthew. The Rule of Cool! (Game Master Tips). (2016)
22 Imbo, Frederik, "How not to take things personally? | Frederik Imbo | TEDxMechelen" TEDx Talks; (March 4, 2020) accessed 10 Jan 2021, video 17:36 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LnJwH_PZXnM&t=381s
23 Kensinger, Elizabeth. Remembering the Details: Effects of Emotion. US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health. (May 4, 2009) Accessed 2021, January 30 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2676782/
24 Mulligan, Brennan; Scott, Benjamin. “Animating Your Table (with Benjamin Scott) (2020)
25 Mearls, Mike, and Jeremy Crawford. "Dungeons Master's guide". Renton, WA: Wizards of the Coast. (2014) accessed 29 January 2021 https://www.dndbeyond.com/sources/dmg/running-the-game#MetagameThinking
26 Mulligan, Brennan; Mercer, Matthew. Building Your Own Campaign Setting (with Matthew Mercer) | Adventuring Academy. Dimension 20. (2019, April 3) Accessed December 30, 2020. Video 57:01 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sig8X_kojco&t=2867s
27 Mearls, Mike, and Jeremy Crawford. "Dungeons Master's guide". Renton, WA: Wizards of the Coast. (2014)-accessed 20 January 2021. https://www.dndbeyond.com/sources/dmg

Abstract:

**“Once upon a time, around a table…”

Session 1: What is the Relationship between, Players, Games and Rules?

Term	Definition	Examples
Sense Pleasure	Enjoyment derived from how it stimulates the senses	The visuals of a game, sound, and music, feel of the dice, etc.
Fantasy	Enjoyment derived from the ability to step into a role that cannot be experienced in real life	Playing a game as a magic wielding sorcerer or rocks in the far flung reaches of outer space
Narrative	Enjoyment derived from game as drama, it is about the stories and experience gained	Heavily story driven games such as Last of Us, Dungeons and Dragons, Final Fantasy
Challenge	Enjoyment derived from overcoming an arbitrary obstacle	Platformers like Mario, or even drinking games like beer pong, or corn hole; social games like charades, etc.
Fellowship	Enjoyment from working cooperatively as a group to accomplish a goal	Team based or social games such as Among Us, the card game Spades; save the world mode on Fortnite
Competition	Enjoyment from showing dominance	Chess or Go, Battle royal games such as Fortnite or PubG or Call of Duty; Fallguys; darts Poker; Uno, Killer bunnies or Magic the Gathering;
Discovery	Enjoyment from uncovering the new or discovering news ways to play a game.	These can range from searching to find things to choose your own adventure Minecraft; Zelda Breath of the Wild; simple matching games; the board game Betrayal at the House on the Hill; or games like Fable; Dragon Age Inquisition; or Mass effect
Expression	Enjoyment from showing an aspect of one’s self; or games that allow full customization of characters	Creation games like Minecraft; role play games like fallout 4; world of warcraft or Fortnite
Submission (aka Abnegation)	Enjoyment from being able to “turn of the brain; and tune out the world” or what is also known as zone out factor.	Bejeweled; candy crush; the lever-pull games at casinos, solitaire, etc.
	(Source: Portnow & Floyd, October 2012)⁵

“The game you weave belongs to the players as much as yourself… so make sure to humor them every once in awhile by giving them a chance to be extraordinary" - Patrick "the Goddam DM" Tracy ¹⁰

Session 2: The Ethics of a Dungeon Master

Session 3: “Well… You can Certainly Try”- Some Famous DM

Finally, we can discuss how the desire to make the most enjoyable experience for everyone at the table plays out using real-world examples and advice from some of the most well-known DMs in the business. Using the concept of Situational Ethics’ Agape, we can see how to work in the rule of cool using eight tips for Dungeon Masters.
Tip 1: It is advised to know your audience.
Not everything is as it seems, so be sure to pay attention to your players and look at them when you are describing the situation. Make note of how they react when tones or themes change. Remember those reasons people play games mentioned earlier? This is where those come into play. Additionally, while not something outright suggested, it is nevertheless important to take team dynamics into account.
The book “Four lenses unfolded” describes how various personality types can interact and work to solve problems. In it, the book describes four primary temperaments: Green (analytical), Blue (empathetic), Orange (adventurous), and Gold (goal oriented). Unlike most other personality tests, four lenses theory suggests that while we have a dominant personality at any given moment, other aspects of these personalities can manifest as well. Being able to draw on these aspects at will is the mark of a “mature” individual.¹⁴ As a DM/referee, coach, or manager, being able to do this and adapt to the needs of the players will take player engagement to the next level.
Tip 2: Establishing and Managing Expectations Early and Often, Works to Prevent Disappointment and Confusions
Mercer once put it this way, “Establish early on in your campaign how much of a level of crazy you're willing to allow. This allows for players to better understand what to try for and what not to try for.”¹⁵ Whether you are a teacher, referee, coach, parent, supervisor, or mentor, establishing expectations with those involved mitigates problems before they arise.
One of the main tools DM’s have for this is that is recommended by Mercer, as well as nearly every DM in existence on the internet, is the “Session Zero.” Session Zero is a term used to describe a session where no play occurs but instead rules that will be used and rules that will be ignored or bent is established. It also serves to establish a theme the players can expect from any campaign. Using the first chapter of the DMs guide will help considerably in establishing this. Additionally, one of the best guides for this is laid out by the DM YouTubers known as “the Dungeon Dudes” in their video titled, “How to Run a Session Zero for Dungeons and Dragons 5e.”¹⁶ But always keep Agape in mind throughout this process. In this step, it means actively listening to the players. The DM may want a gritty, tough, realistic, and challenging campaign. But if the players want a high fantasy power trip, some adjustments are going to need to be made to the campaign. Listening to players and changing the plans accordingly is not easy. It requires A LOT of humility and ego suppression. Especially when the DM has already designed how the game is going to go… which leads us to the next tip.
Tip 3: It is important to develop a healthy relationship with failure.
Celebrated author Orson Wells once wrote; “If you want a happy ending, that of course, is dependent of where you stop your story.”¹⁷ This applies to both the players and DM. There will be times when the DM is tempted to ignore the rules because the consequences seem dire. The player fails an athletics check trying to use a dynamic that had a high-risk, high-reward moment. Now the player’s character is doomed to fall several hundred feet down a ravine to what is likely certain doom in lava. But this isn’t the end. That player’s character is most likely dead, but their death could result in a moment of drama and tension for the players. It’s the very real chance of failure that encourages players to think critically about a situation and experience excitement and tension. Brennon Lee Mulligan, the DM of the D&D streaming show, “Dimension 20,” put it this way… “if you are not allowing for failure, you are essentially just telling a story,” and thus never actually playing a game (make-believe as Suits would put it). ¹⁸
Another thing to consider is that through failure, we can often find comedy as well as ways to encourage players to think critically and find new escapes, ¹⁹ at least according to the mind behind the “Replaying the Curse of Strahd” videos, Benjamin (Puffin Forest) Scott. Lastly, Mercer strongly advises that if a DM allows too many “rule of cool moments” to happen in succession, the weight of the moments and consistency of the game will be lost. ²⁰
Players that are afraid to fail will not try. Mercer explains that “Most role play games are designed to forge a heroic story (showing feats of legend) so let the players try! Let them fail, and occasionally succeed!” This is where his catch phrase “you can certainly try” comes from. ²¹
Tip 4: Whenever Possible, Avoid Taking Things Personally
In his lecture on not talking things personally, soccer referee and public speaker, Frederik Imbo, explained there are two sides of a coin to keep in mind when trying not to take things personally: “It is not about you,” and “it is about you.” ²² Look at the other person’s intentions not just yours. With that in mind, it is okay to give yourself empathy and speak up. When someone seems upset with you, ask what are they hoping to get out of this releasing of emotions? Additionally, ensure that your pride isn’t preventing you from making the correct call. Yes I am talking about Ego again; it is that important! It is the DM’s world, but it is the players’ game. Without both, the world and the game, you do not have D&D.
D&D has a weird paradox of being both a story and a game. It has both a narrative as its core premise, but it is, in fact, also a multi-player game. Without at least two people you cannot really have much fun. DMs should make sure that everyone at the table enjoys themselves. Tip 5: Mechanics are important precisely because they are a means of delivering impactful story moments.
Remember that rule of cool concept? Extraordinary moments don’t happen often, and this is by design of the mechanics of the game. Humans remember the novel and unique way more often than the mundane. Mundane things tend to blend into the background. It’s the unexpected moments that highlight the more impactful story moments, especially if that moment is tied to strong emotions.²³
With that in mind, Mulligan suggests looking at where the players are putting their resources before deciding how to rule on a situation. Have they invested experience points/levels into a specific skill that is relevant to this situation instead of just something they can use in combat? If so, reward them for wanting to do something that is a part of the world you are creating together. ²⁴
Tip 6: Discourage metagaming but allow it whenever possible.
Look for any and every excuse you can to give advantage on an arcana check by setting the DC low (10 or higher). If the player succeeds, they can use what they know… they are going to anyway, but at least then they can talk about it with the other players.
According to the DM guide Chapter 8, metagame thinking means “thinking about the game as a game,” Examples would be thinking “the DM wouldn’t throw such a powerful monster at us so early in the game, so we will surely be saved and not have to take this fight seriously,” or “the DM spent A LOT of time describing that door… maybe we should search it again!” ²⁵
The problem with metagaming isn’t really about what advantage the players are getting in the game. The problem is that manipulation of the dynamics, when used to extremes, can spoil the plot line of the cumulative story being told. This can lessen the drama and tension elements resulting in decreased enjoyment of those involved. Additionally, it can create a dynamic where the DM is constantly having to escalate encounters to challenge the player, encouraging a potentially toxic “DM vs player” mentality.
For instance, how would a street orphan barbarian with no formal education and a wisdom of …let’s say very low…be able to know that liches phylactery is the source of their power. The solution here depends on why the players are playing this specific game. Is it the narrative of the story? Is it discovery? If these aren’t anywhere close to the reasons these players came to the game table in the first place, the narrative is not going to take as much of a factor into decisions. Metagaming in this instance isn’t going to be much of a problem.
Tip 7: Keep in mind, the ending is “A” destination, but the story is about how you get there.
A DM may hold off the extra cool moments for the final parts of the game, keeping their players in complete darkness and grit the entire way. However, without at least some levity along the way, some “water for the weary travelers,” as Mercer put it, they may not make it to the end.²⁶ So, do not be afraid to relax the rules from time to time to give them those cool moments, but do so sparingly lest the destination lose its luster as well. Always keep in mind it’s about the enjoyment of crafting and playing in the world together that makes this, or really any game, fun.
*Tip 8: When all else fails… take a break and have the Tarrasque attack the party. *
When all else fails, roll two D-20s out of players’ views… fake a worried expression… role a D-100 (also out of player’s view) look over the score concerned as you pour through your notes… then explain sorrowfully… “I’m sorry… The Tarrasque has risen and has attacked the party. Everyone roll initiative.” This is actual advice from the DM manual. It is right under “faking illness and running away.”²⁷ The point is this: never be afraid to pause or call a game when it’s over or needed.
Maybe something incredibly uncomfortable for a player has happened. Maybe the DM has reached the end of what they were able to prepare for that session. Perhaps everyone is hungry or needs a bathroom break. Maybe the entire table has gotten to a point where no one can agree on anything and team dynamics are breaking down. That game world will always be there… but your friends won’t. Cherish that moment and make as many good moments as possible. Additionally, taking breaks both in-game and in the real world allow for quiet moments. These allow for the greater moments to shine through and the players will enjoy their experience more.
https://i.redd.it/1ncu361zlqf61.png
The graphic above serves to summarize the eight tips above and show their relationship with the narrative, enjoyment, and the rules when put in the context of situational ethics. From this graph, the relationship between the eight tips and how they play into the narrative, enjoyment, and rules of the game can be seen. Each of the tips can influence many parts of the game but they are intended to primarily influence the aspect of the game they are adjacent to. “Knowing the players” should influence the narrative and what kind of enjoyment the players receive. What mechanics are used to enable the game is causally related to how the rules are used and so on. Please note that Agape is at the center as, with every decision a DM makes, considering what is best for the players should be central to the experience of any game.
The Epic Conclusion
Through crafting a game-world together with your players, a DM has the potential to tap into one of the greatest traditions humanity has: camaraderie with friends. At the end of the day, these players are your friends, or at the very least your fellow human beings. As such, you should want what is best for them. Through trials, hardships, and drama, we get to put the punctuation on the moments of excitement, joy, happiness, and bliss. It is okay if the player does not get exactly what they want, so long as they still had enjoyment. This is because getting everything we expect is sometimes boring. However, always keep in mind that at the end of the day, games are about having fun. How that happens is up to the players, the DM, and whether the rules were used to enhance the experience or not. It’s possible to find that balance by asking these questions in order: “How will this decision affect: the final enjoyment of all at the table? the narrative? the rules in the future?”
1 Huizinga, Johan . "Homo Ludens". Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd. (1980), pp. 1., accessed January 19, 2021. http://art.yale.edu/file_columns/0000/1474/ homoludens_johan_huizinga_routledge_1949.pdf
2 Suits, Bernard, “The Grasshopper: Games, Life and Utopia,” Broadview Press. Ed. 3. (November 29, 2005): 54–55. Accessed December 31, 2020. https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/803547.The_Grasshopper
3 The Game Overanalyzer, The Aesthetics of Play | Why We Play Games, and the Search for Truth and Beauty in Game Design. The Game Overanalyzer. (January 11, 2020), accessed 6 January 2021. Video 18:44. https://youtu.be/lONsZwjVDzg
4 Hunicke, Robin, Marc LeBlanc, and Robert Zubek. "MDA: A formal approach to game design and game research." Proceedings of the AAAI Workshop on Challenges in Game AI, vol. 4, no. 1, p. 1722. (2004). Accessed January 11, 2020 https://www.aaai.org/Papers/Workshops/2004/WS-04-04/WS04-04-001.pdf
5 Portnow, James; Floyd, Daniel; Aesthetics of Play- Redefining Genres in Gaming. Extra Credits; (October 17, 2012), Video 9:13. Accessed December 30, 2020. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uepAJ-rqJKA&list=PL3N9QD4_yI-BlnwWUL8hhjpKgqRul3xAa&index=11
6 Suits, Bernard. “Discussion: Games and Paradox.” Chicago University Press. Philosophy of Science Association Journal, Vol 36, no. 3 (September 1, 1969). pg 316–.321. Accessed December 30, 2020. https://www.jstor.org/stable/186226
7 Suits, Bernard. “Discussion: Games and Paradox (1969)
8 Myers, David. “Game as Paradox: A Rebuttal of Suits.” Journal of the philosophy of Sport 39, no. 1 (May 1, 2012). Accessed December 30, 2020. https://search-ebscohost-com.ezproxy2.apus.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip&db=s3h&AN=87342252&site=ehost-live&scope=site.
9 Juul, Jesper. "Half-Real: Video Games between Real Rules and Fictional Worlds", MIT Press, (Aug 19, 2011) pp.57-59
10 Tracy, Patrick. DM Tips: The Rule of Cool. Fantasy Bango. (October 20, 2017). Accessed December 30, 2020. Video 2:23 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x8aAIFalx6s
11 Fletcher, Joseph F. Situation Ethics: The New Morality. Westminster John Knox Press, (1997). Page 17-26 (accessed January 20, 2021) http://bit.ly/Googlescholar_SItuational_Ethics
**Please note that just because Fletcher’s Situational Ethics is used prominently, this is not an endorsement of all his views. Fletcher’s work has been used to justify terrible atrocities, such as eugenics, this should serve to point out that any philosophy taken to extremes can lead to terrible outcomes
12 Fletcher, Joseph F. Situation Ethics: The New Morality. (1997)
13 Mercer, Matthew. The Rule of Cool! (Game Master Tips). Geek & Sundry. (February 16, 2016). Accessed December 30, 2020. Video. 5:52 https://youtu.be/fWZDuFIYkf0
14 Bryce, Nathan K., “Four Lenses Unfolded: A Deeper Understanding of Temperament Values,” Insight; (January 29, 2002,).
15 Mercer, Matthew. The Rule of Cool! (Game Master Tips). (2016).
16 McLaughlin, Kelly; Martin, Monty. "How to Run a Session Zero for Dungeons and Dragons 5e". Dungeon Dudes. (September 3, 2020), Accessed 12 30, 2020. Video. https://youtu.be/2MA-z5Ai-bQ
17 Wells, Orson, "The Big Brass Ring." Santa Teresa Press (1987, January 1) 1-148
18 Mulligan, Brennan; Scott, Benjamin. “Animating Your Table (with Benjamin Scott) | Adventuring Academy Season 2 | Ep. 16 |” Adventuring Academy. Dimension (2020, December 28). Accessed December 30, 2020. Video 1:24:18 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4IbVxEKpipo
19 Mulligan, Brennan; Scott, Benjamin. “Animating Your Table (with Benjamin Scott) (2020)
20 Mercer, Matthew. The Rule of Cool! (Game Master Tips). (2016)..
21 Mercer, Matthew. The Rule of Cool! (Game Master Tips). (2016)
22 Imbo, Frederik, "How not to take things personally? | Frederik Imbo | TEDxMechelen" TEDx Talks; (March 4, 2020) accessed 10 Jan 2021, video 17:36 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LnJwH_PZXnM&t=381s
23 Kensinger, Elizabeth. Remembering the Details: Effects of Emotion. US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health. (May 4, 2009) Accessed 2021, January 30 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2676782/
24 Mulligan, Brennan; Scott, Benjamin. “Animating Your Table (with Benjamin Scott) (2020)
25 Mearls, Mike, and Jeremy Crawford. "Dungeons Master's guide". Renton, WA: Wizards of the Coast. (2014) accessed 29 January 2021 https://www.dndbeyond.com/sources/dmg/running-the-game#MetagameThinking
26 Mulligan, Brennan; Mercer, Matthew. Building Your Own Campaign Setting (with Matthew Mercer) | Adventuring Academy. Dimension 20. (2019, April 3) Accessed December 30, 2020. Video 57:01 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sig8X_kojco&t=2867s
27 Mearls, Mike, and Jeremy Crawford. "Dungeons Master's guide". Renton, WA: Wizards of the Coast. (2014)-accessed 20 January 2021. https://www.dndbeyond.com/sources/dmg

I have been very into the PvP-style of this game starting from 2011, although I haven't been playing the game since 2014 until last month, but the execution has always been way off. There has been some progress and some tweaks here and there, but PvP will never be even remotely balanced or populated unless the following key points are addressed:

Crowns-only equipment from packs

- It is unbelievable that this game has been able to continue with its marketing, especially to kids, with such blatant gambling elements for so long, while some other larger game companies (like EA) have finally been called out for their practices. Wizard101's casino lootboxes are literally the worst thing about the game, and it seems like they are just going more and more into that direction. And unlike many other game companies nowadays thanks to the new laws, Wizard101 doesn't even disclose the odds of receiving a certain item (I bet they are so small that people would be too de-incentivized from buying).
Anyway, if this all was just cosmetics and stuff it wouldn't be such an enormous issue, while still being blatant gambling. The problem really shows in PvP, as basically everyone who wants to do well, especially in the low end PvP, NEEDS to have the OP PvP-gear, at least if they haven't already previously got the warlord gear, which they will never get without the crowns gear.
The plans for the 5th age are to remove the OP PvP-gear which you can get from tickets, but in that case the crowns-only gear will just become even more dominant, only moving the problem and not solving it in the slightest.
Even if the crowns-only gear would be sold for a hefty price-point in the crowns shop it would be annoying, but still better than literally having no guaranteed way of ever getting it, as the lootboxes could just drain infinite amount of money without ever giving you what you want. Unless of course, there are some hidden "pity-timers" which guarantee certain loot after a certain amount of rolls, but that information is not disclosed to us. (of course it isn't..)
This point is made far worse by the additional RNG-added to the crowns-only equipment, like may-cast wands, which completely ruin any kind of semblance of a competitive experience the moment they go off. You cannot strategise against random attacks.
Solution possibilities:
Remove the crowns-only equipment, nerf it to be in par with the normally attainable gear, give everyone easier access to the crowns-gear, or just limit it to be non-PvP.

Ranked PvP costs to attend (to non-subscribers)

- I have played hundreds, if not thousands of games during my short life, as I think games, video games especially, are one of the greatest man-made things ever created. I also have a Master's degree in game design, and I'm currently studying a PhD-related to the topic, and I have NEVER, I mean NEVER EVER, come across another game which would charge their players for attending the competitive scene, and not offer a permanent way of unlocking it somehow (this does not include games which are completely pay-to-play, with the paying including everything, as well as PvP, like World of Warcarft). It not only does not make any sense, as you really want to have people growing a PvP-community around any kind of online-game which wants to stay active when the main PvE content runs stale, which always happens between expansions in MMOs, but paywalling a game mode will cause even the players who do play to get a sub-bar experience due to lack of players, especially new players.
I completely understand that the point is and always have been to attract people to the subscription-method of paying. Well, I have to say that I personally hate subscription method as a customer, but I know that a lot of people think that's alright. To me it just feels like I have to rush and play as much as I can during a subscription, even when I don't really even want to, causing the time spent to be less enjoyable than if there was no fixed time. This is one of the main reasons WoW never attracted me, as I can't stand subscriptions.
Thankfully, wizard101 has another option, paying by area. The cost of the areas is so high, and there is more added after every world, that the game would not actually make any less money by attracting people more towards the area-buying option. It would also truly incentivize developers to create new worlds more often, as the payout would be more clear. For subscription-players, adding Karamelle did not really cause a reason to spend more, as they already had access to it, so creating worlds more frequently only serves to lure back players who have stopped playing completely after their memberships ended and they maxed out the content, as the game didn't offer enough to do as a "temporarily f2p-player".
This could be solved by letting everyone compete in the ranked PvP (and why not derby too) even when they are not members. This would give players a reason to login to the game when they are not subscribing, and to players who seek to mostly play PvP, it would provide more opponents. I mean seriously, what game which has this many players online for the PvE has such a ridiculously small PvP-community? Even back in 2011-2013 when the game was fairly young and I played in the UK server (had to migrate to the US this year as the server there is dead), it was basically impossible to find 3v3 or 4v4 ranked games, and even the practice games weren't that common. While I really enjoy 1v1, I think the strategic difference in other modes is something players cannot and have never been able to explore due to the lack of players. And that is a very sad thing for a game that is already 12 years old.
So basically, the ranked PvP needs to either be completely free, OR there needs to be a way to permanently unlock it (preferably with gold, or at least with a reasonable crowns fee). This way players who are not members, or who (like myself) don't want to be members can still participate and bring more players to the table. You can see this change already in the tournaments being free: during the time I played ages ago and tournaments came, I never got to play a single tournament despite trying many times, as there were never enough players willing to pay the crowns fee. Now, nearly all of the tournaments start, at least for some level players and that is great. I fear though, that KI has learned nothing and will switch the cost back up with the start of the 5th Age.
What some larger game companies for some reason don't understand, is that f2p-players are not worthless, they are the reason why most online-games stay online: they create the incentives for people to spend in the first place, and if you manage to keep the f2p-players happy, you will get a lot more paying players just through word-of-mouth, than if you only try to keep paying players. (We can see a terrible example of how not to do this already by how limited the new f2p experience is, still after 12 years.)

Spellments and unobtainable spells

- I'm sure no one reading this was surprised about this next topic, but as well as basically unobtainable gear, unobtainable spells and spells which are stronger than the normal versions of those and can basically only be upgraded through packs also break the "harmony" of a competitive experience. There are currently some spells which cannot be learnt other than through packs, and while not all of them are game-breaking, they can still in certain circumstances offer an unfair advantage, or even if they would not now, they certainly will in the future with the direction we are going towards. The solution for this is simple, but KI won't do it, as they are too invested in milking children for that undisclosed chance of getting some of those spells. (I won't buy a single pack personally and I will attempt to estimate how much disadvantaged I will be now and in the future for as long as I remain interested.)
For the unobtainable, another part is the spells which can only be got through luck while farming. That sure is a lot better, as technically the farming doesn't cost anything as long as you have access to the area and you will get other useful rewards while doing that. The problem arises though, if those spells, especially the infamous Headless Horseman, are so strong, that you NEED to have them in the PvP to stay competitive. And to make matters worse, of course the intended way to get these spells as well is to buy packs instead of farming. (I have been testing the lorefarm, got one spell which isn't useful to me after around 100 tries. I think that's a bit much just to get prepared to be on even footing on PvP, talk about new player PvP experience.)
Now then, spellments, are another kind of monster added to the game. I naturally enjoy the concept of upgrading spells, and making low-level spells more useful in the late game is not a bad design choice, it's just that it revolves around the same problem that everything I've been talking about this far, lootboxes.
I know that there are some ways of farming spellments technically for free, but apart from a specific few, those are barred behind skeleton key doors, and there are no other ways to get those than farming, and.. yes you guessed it, randomly from packs! You see the theme here? And even though some of those only give minor damage enchants which won't matter too much on the average eye, the utility buffs (namely the myth's troll minion summon upgrade) are just blatant forms of p2w gambling.
Solution, make spellments available to everyone more easily, not just randomly to select few whales. If KI would actually do this, despite all odds, then their purpose would actually come to reality and they would enhance the game experience, letting people experiment with different kind of combinations in the late game. Also there needs to me many more paths, only two kinda makes the whole combination idea pretty pointless.
Alternatively, restrict spellments to PvE only.
SUMMARY JUDGEMENT:
I liked the changes to the crit system, restricting more previously necessary cards and enchanted TCs outside of PvP , and turn-based system, those are a good start, but won't make a difference if the above three points stand unchanged. The main problem in the monetization is the gambling in the form of lootboxes, which is like the worst kind of cheap mobile game experience. The game has beautiful world and animations and the basic idea behind the combat is simple, yet interesting, and it can lead to very interesting situations. Nerffing and buffing spells/items won't make a difference while the OP-items/spells from lootboxes remain as KI's main interest.
Also for anyone to be able to experience something other than 1v1 ranked PvP, the first step needs to be removing the barrier of entry, or creating an option for permanent unlocking at least.
I have very little hope for them suddenly changing their 12-year course and giving up lootbox-p2w from PvP, but this has been quite a year so I guess nothing is impossible. Here's for hoping.
Signing off.

If you have ever tried out the Osg777 slot machine you would agree with us when we say that it is one of the best casi, even if it is your first time to login to play in any kind of slots game.You should always try to go for a well-known name when it comes to gambling and the Osg777 is one of the best names in the business. The Osg777 is a joker and dealer machine with colorful graphics and sounds. If you are a novice player and you want to go for a trial run with your friends, then the Osg777 is the best place for you. The game results are based on luck, although the result of all the machines are also based on a computer program, which is programmed by the manufacturers of the machines.When you log in to the Osg777, you will see the game results flash before your eyes. Most people would be asking what they can get from this casino. A good majority of them would be thinking that playing in a casino will help them hone their skills. But to some, they would also understand the concept of entertainment, as well as the risks that come with it.Slot game in casinos is meant for those who are experts in playing slots. Those who do not know anything about the game will have a tough time trying to enjoy in the casinos. But with the Osg777, you will be able to play the game, which is based on chance and luck. The only skill you need to master in playing this game is to choose the winning number and word. You will see the results flash before your eyes, and it will appear again if you win or lose.In this Osg777 slot machine game, you will see a lot of numbers flashing before your eyes. Some of these numbers will be lucky for you, while others will cause you so much pain. To prevent yourself from being hurt by the unlucky numbers, you need to know how to identify which numbers stands for what. With this Osg777 Untuk login game, you will learn how to make use of some factors that will help you determine which number is good or bad.There are a lot of things that you need to consider when playing in a casino. But since this Osg777 Untuk login game is based on luck, then you may never know which factors can affect your luck. That is why you need to be very careful when choosing a casino to place your bet. It is best to play in a casino where there are a lot of people, or even in a place where there is no casino because it will allow you to gain more experience with time.

Ever since the inception of online slot machines, there have been people who are becoming hooked. They say that in most cases, people will get addicted to gambling as soon as they enter the casino. Now coming to the downsides of online slot games, absolutely any form of gambling could be addictive, so that is why online slot gaming can easily be addicting. For a newbie to online slot games such as login slot, here are some of the basics that you should know before starting to play on your own:Before you play on your own, you must first register at the website that you are going to play on. Once you have registered, you are now ready to play on your own. This is probably the main downside of playing on your own. It is very hard to keep track of your winnings because all you have to do is login to the website and you see your winnings in real time. In addition to that, if you lose on your login slot, it will take a while before you get your winnings.While playing on your own can give you a good experience, it is not recommended for beginners. As we all know, in any gambling game, beginners always get the short end of the stick. Even though it is true that jackpots can be earned easily with minimal investment, it is also true that beginners may find it hard to decide what to bet to place. In addition to that, it takes too much time to learn how to play a particular game and learn its various rules, thus resulting to a loss. In contrast, if you play on a website like login slot online di sini, where you can read up on the various game rules and learn the ins and outs of the particular game before placing bets, you can assure yourself that you are placing your bets with high odds of winning.If you want to maximize your earning potentials, consider getting login slot machines that offer a progressive jackpot. These types of slots are more challenging to play, but they will offer bigger prize than the basic machine. If you want to play a jackpot slot that offers higher payouts than the basic machine, it is advisable that you play in the morning or evening, when the jackpot is not as big as during weekends and holidays. If you are willing to play these types of slot machines during weekdays, you might miss out on huge jackpots that are available during weekends and holidays.Players who are very serious about winning should also try their luck in free online slot machines that offer big jackpots. These types of free slot machines are not found on every corner, so players need to visit several websites to find one that is located in an area where there is a large population. Once you have identified a good free online slot machine that offers progressive jackpots, you should increase your chances of winning big time by playing as many numbers as possible.Players also need to check the list of numbers in the chat box before they start to play the game. Most players tend to confuse the real from the fake jackpots. Before starting to play, it is recommended that players log on to their computer and check the list of numbers in the chat box. They should also read the instructions on the machine to know how to set the amount that they want to bet and how much they are willing to spend for this.

When one is looking for a slot machine that they can play at a casino or even in their home, there is always a good chance that they will find the login Joker Machines. The reason why they are so popular is because they have a nice payout rate and because of all of the fun that they can have. It is important to learn about these slot machines before you make your final decision when to play or not.
To start off, the login joker slot machine online has a maximum of two coins per streak. This means that if you hit two coins in a row, you will get a win. The nice thing is that this machine is worth a lot of money and is considered one of the best in the business. The highest payout rates on this machine are located in the high stakes tables and the highest payouts are around five hundred dollars.
After getting your payment, you will be able to use the slot joker123 online and start playing for real. There are many things that you need to know when it comes to playing these machines. One is that you should know that there are two colors that you can use for this machine. You have to choose between green and black.
The green color is usually associated with good luck, so it is something that you should consider using when you are playing this slot machine. If you are lucky enough to get this, then you will be able to earn more credits. However, you should know that you will not be able to change the colors no matter how many times you put the coins in.
The last tip for playing the login joker123 fun slot online is to remember the one star in a row. This is considered to be very unlucky. It will cost you two credits to change it. Also, this is the only kind of slot machine where you can lose a star. This may seem like bad luck but it is actually a good thing because you will be able to earn more credits if you win. In addition, you need to know that the icons displayed on the machine are different from what you see on the traditional slots.
The two colors are based from the Chinese symbol for light and darkness. They are based from the colors of the rainbow and they are also based from the symbol for infinity. As long as you remember these two colors and their meanings, you will be able to play well and win. Finally, when you play the slot machine login joker123 with the Ataupun Dapat Dimainka you can try your luck on any of the four images that are placed on the screen. You can click on the avatar for example if you would like to check out the cat in the hat. However, there are some tips and guides that can help you get a better slot machine experience.

Casinos are not known for giving out big jackpots. Some would even say they are not able to afford such large amounts as they need for the development and expansion of their business. Well, this is all false. In fact, casinos make sure that no matter what jackpot they offer, there will always be someone who will be willing to challenge them for it. That is why casinos make sure that there are strict rules that casino goers must follow when they login to play on their favorite casino games online.
When you login osg777, don't believe all those things you hear about slots. Find out some of those common wrong notions about the slot machine gambling games. The heat of your own coin actually affects the result of your slot machine gaming experience. According to some group of individuals from the State, who had been playing slot machines every single day, but few years ago, the hot coin never really brought them any good luck. Most of these players who belonged to their respective states, told a similar story about how they never won any of the big jackpots that they expected.
Slots are gambling devices that rely heavily on luck on its outcome. If you think that by playing with different casino machines online, you would have an edge and be able to increase your chance of winning on these slot machines, you are absolutely wrong. Casino goers like you may have tried different gambling strategy but still ended up in losing their funds in the end. Sooner or later, when you login to play on different online slot machines, stick to the casino games you know and trust.
One of the reasons why some casino goers lose in the end is because they do not fully read and understand the rules of their particular casinos before they sit down in front of their computer to start playing their favorite casino games online. In this regard, there are several guides that can be downloaded in the internet that can teach you the real meaning of every word in the Slots game. Amongst these guides, the most famous and reliable source is the login OSG777 slot machine guide. This is the guide which actually explains to players the real meaning and rules of each and every icon displayed on their screens while they are playing their favorite slots games.
Some of the icons on your screen will tell you which card you are going to pick up. Some of these icons are for the straight bet while others indicate which button is for the soft slot. On the other hand, some of your icons will tell you what the odds of getting specific icons are. And the last icon will indicate the direction for your bet. With such graphical indications, players do not need to go through the confusing and complex rule book of their online casino before they sit in front of their computer and log in to play their favorite casino games online. In this respect, it can be said that the Login OSG777 online Asia huge slot machine guide is the best guide for gamblers in terms of helping them improve their chances of winning.
It is not necessary that to improve your chances of winning, you have to spend countless hours inside the virtual world of your online casino. The truth is that to win at the end of the day, one only needs to be familiar with the rules of the game that he is playing. This is the reason why a lot of players tend to lose their money in their very first day of playing these online casino games. This is the reason why many players prefer to go for the offline versions of these slot games rather than go for the online casino versions. However, if you really want to enjoy slot games and if you want to win at the end of the day, then it is advisable that you should go for the Login OSG777 guide.

In the first five days of April, the game of the Daftar Jokers: Hindi slots has been introduced in Singapore. This is the very first online casino game that is based on the highly popular Chinese game, the Mahjong. The game is based on the same principles of the mahjong and the game is thus referred to as Mahjong on the basis of its similarity with Chinese traditional card games. This is a progressive slot machine game that uses random number generators to generate the winning numbers.
This progressive slot machine game has been developed by the experts in the field of computer software in the hope that they could create an innovative casino game. The random number generators have been embedded in the software, which is in the form of a virtual machine that runs on an embedded Linux operating system. It is very simple for the players to access this feature and use it to create an exciting gaming experience. The software can be downloaded directly from the website of the Daftar Jokers: Hindi slot machine company without the need for a registration. This makes it easy for all interested players to play the game at no cost.
To make it even more interesting, there is an additional "joker" slot machine called the "super rare" that gives players an extra amount of chips when they win. The players need to login to the Daftar Jokers: Hindi slot online casino and select the super rare slot joker; the machine will then spin and display a message saying "You have won the jackpot". The player needs to login again to win the jackpot and the experience is just the same as when he wins the regular jackpot. You can download joker slot machines as many times you like until you run out of money. However, you can only play these machines up to two at a time.
Although there are various attractive features associated with this slot machine, one of its unique features is the "daftar joker123" machine. This machine is not connected to any other regular slot machines; therefore, it is in a different category altogether. When you add the word "daisy" to its name, you can clearly understand what the machine is based on.
The word "daisy" is based on the Chinese character" Dong Gui Zhi", which means "Daffodil Flower". According to popular belief, the flower grows in the spring and symbolizes new life. In addition, there is also another story that says that the flower is representative of new love. Therefore, the Daftar Joker123 is based on the love story. Another interesting fact about this machine is that the winning combination for this slot is always a red or black daisy.
Although there are various attractive features of the "daisy" slot machine, you should always remember that this particular game is based on luck and chance. No matter how good your computer is or how lucky you are, there is no such thing as an expert computer program that can beat this machine. Therefore, you should play this game only with the hope of winning some money from it. That is why it is suggested that you play this online challenge from the comfort of your own home.

Hello players and filthy quitters. It's been a month since I quit with something like 1435 consecutive login days, rank 207, over 100 STMRs. I had to delete my 5 stars to make sure I wouldn't come back, and it appears to have worked, because despite still lurking on the sub, the idea of returning doesn't seem possible in my mind. I am now comfortable to share a story about unit and lapis injections. For the rest of the story, I will not be specifying any names or sites or anything else. All I can say is that there are numerous people on the sub that I've seen in the old injection discord channels. This practice is FAR more common, even for big time whales, than you might realize.
Around year 2 of this game and endless bad luck in an era when landing an overall .3% rainbow rate was statistically reasonable (I've always tracked my pulls), I decided it was time to quit. I had spent about 2500 in the game at this point, and while I was still within my budgeted fun money, I had to sacrifice getting a lot of other games/weed in order to make it work for my budget. I didn't want to spend that kind of money anymore just to be able to chase all my desired 5 stars. I wanted to play casual, but that wasn't a possibility for me personally. Every time I tried, I fell back into the thrill of getting that 5 star (and in my case, failing far, far, far more often than my IRL FFBE friend who spent about the same amount and played about as much. Nothing against him, RNG is RNG, it just always made it hurt more that he always got what he wanted haha! Of course, it made me want that shiny unit even more!). Anyway, this was my first gacha game, and for the same reason I refuse to gamble at casinos, because I know I could get carried away as a natural game grinder and thrill seeker, I needed to no longer be a part of gacha games and go back to old school PC gaming. So, I prepared to uninstall, and in a stroke of synchronicity, someone on Facebook randomly mentioned injecting lapis and getting away with it, and I thought, "wait, really? I've been paying this whole time and people can just inject it right into the game??" I had never done any research into injecting, and most importantly how a lot of injectors finance their business through theft in many different forms. I figured these were just "hackers" who could use APK to alter the code client side and somehow Gumi was stupid enough to fall for it (not outside the realm of possibility lol).
So, I went for it. I searched up FFBE injection, and found an ad on a site. I Skyped the injector, and he scheduled a time for us to chat. He missed the time, and scheduled another time. He missed that time too, so I tried going with someone else. This time I went with what appeared to be one of the most trusted and biggest injectors according to so many reviews, so I chatted the injector, and I was sent a menu to order from. I was extremely nervous, but the reviews were stellar, and many of the reviewers had been using these services for the whole life of the game, surviving ban wave after ban wave. It seemed too good to be true. But I was going to uninstall anyway, so I figured I had nothing to lose. I told my IRL friend, as he wasn't willing to continue playing unless I was playing as well, and he said I should go for it, and if it worked, he would go for it too.
The menu was huge. The injector couldn't inject lapis, units, tickets, or anything huge, saying that is how you get banned, but they could inject any tmr into the game for something like 7 dollars per tmr, (STMR didn't exist at this point), along with cactuars and turtles and megacrysts and all that good stuff. Keep in mind that in the early days those items were far, far more meaningful. I wasn't too interested in injecting anything on the menu; I wanted more 5 stars after all, not cactaurs. I told the injector, and they said to wait a week, as Gumi was about to introduce 10+1 tickets into the game, and they were pretty sure they would be able to safely exploit the tickets to inject those. So I waited, and a week later, the injector messaged everyone on discord that they had a viable exploit. They were charging something like $89 for 100 10+1 tickets, or $150 for 300 10+1 tickets. Holy shit. JACKPOT.
I bought the 300 10+1 tickets for $150. This is how it works:

Send the injector payment via Paypal
Send the injector your FB login information, along with a few verification codes to use to overcome any issues to authentication.
Stay out of account while the injector goes to work
Injector sends a picture of all the tickets in your account
Go summon with those tickets.

You guys...holy shit! I got over 3,000 units for $150 dollars. I got infinitely more for that $150 than I got for the $2,500 I had given to Gumi over the previous couple years. My buddy followed suit. We cackled with evil laughter at our endless rainbow hordes, with so many copies that we even deleted many of them (again, this is way before 7 stars were a thing).
So, about 2 months later, we bought the pack again, and this time it cost a bit more, something like $200 for the same pack. Again, endless rainbows. Then Gumi issued a ban wave. My buddy and I accepted that we would be banned, but nope. No ban. And everyone on the discord channel seemed perfectly fine too. Holy shit. This is legit!
Gumi patched the ticket exploit, so another 6 months or so went by without any injection, as the injector was back to only doing cactuars and moogles and such. Over that 6 month period I probably put in $200 in legit money to gumi, chasing a limited 5 star here and there, still with hilariously bad luck. Around this time I got a message from the helper of of the injector, who had taken over the injecting service apparently and had "found a way to inject lapis at a discounted price." This is where my naivety took hold. This injector had the same method of payment and giving information, but instead of items, they would inject lapis for about 1/6th the cost. So they inject 25k lapis for $25 or something like that, I honestly can't remember the exact pricing. So, we did this a couple times over a couple months, and each time the price got more and more expensive so that after a couple times lapis cost about 1/3rd the normal Gumi price. It was at this point that the injector apologized and told everyone that they were running out of ways to "get cards." When we pressed what they meant by this, they got really defensive and said, "I don't steal. I am using near-empty cards and lost cards. We are not thieves!" I had never even considered that that would be how the injector was financing this business-- I thought it was just a code exploit like the previous injector we had used. Suddenly this seemed super sketchy, so we decided to stop. A couple months later, the injector announced that Gumi's bans had become too sophisticated and it was too dangerous to inject on Global. The injector still provides services for FFBE Japan injecting, which is on a whole other level for some reason, in which they can successfully inject units, STMRs, anything! I don't play Japan, and never have, but there are hundreds if not thousands of people playing on Japan who are on that discord channel to this day injecting, many of them massive whales! Like I said, I refuse to give out names, but many people on this sub are also on the injection discord channel to this day. You know who you are lol.
I think that's the whole story, and I hope some of you found this an interesting insight into the hidden world of injections.

Poker has been enjoying a period of a boom since a very long time. Many people play a game of cards by going to casinos and gambling venues. But now, it is played worldwide on an online platform at an international level.
If you also want to play this thrilling game of fate, then you must start to know more about poker and its variants such as Texas Holdem poker. Once you are confident of your skills on the table, you can take your game to another level by playing online poker real money. There are many poker websites where you get an opportunity to play many poker variants and earn big money too.
Real money poker
What do you think was the idea behind the poker game? It was real money where people could earn money in cash and get a real sense of satisfaction. This is what that separates poker from other types of sports or games. All the poker players play this online card game to earn something. There are no spectators here; instead, everybody is involved in this power-packed and action-based game which attempts to leave the game only after winning a prize.
Real money earning games in India has been becoming profusely famous where players get a chance to win big prizes and cash. Once you login to the poker website, you will be able to check out the kinds of poker game played, what are the different poker hand rankings, how is Texas Hold’em tournament held, which is the most popular form of poker online, how to win in the online cash games in India, etc.
All you need to do is to register yourself on the poker website and get to see a ton of rewards such as registration bonus, welcome bonus, sign-up reward, etc. to play real cash games.
Texas Holdem poker
Every game has its most popular game type, and the favourite poker type is Texas Hold’em. Poker has several games under its umbrella, but the most popular form of poker remains to be Texas Hold’em poker.
Texas Hold em poker is such a popular form of poker that when you mention playing poker at the table, the people will automatically assume that you are talking about the game of Texas Hold em poker. The reason is that it is effortless. You can easily understand the different poker hand rankings it has, the kind of poker strategies it needs, betting structure and so on is very simple to understand and implement.
In the poker website, you can join this best Texas Hold’em poker game. If you don’t know how to play this game, you can learn how to play Texas Hold’em online in detail and on the poker website itself.
Inference
Poker is a game of both luck and skill. You need to learn the rules and strategies that can help you form the best poker hand so that you can win the pot.

We often get a lot of posts complaining about the cost to complete tournements and events, lack of goodies for FTP etc... but I gather those vent sessions like shouting into the wind. Plarium is a for-profit company, and they've chosen to run this game in a manner that works to maximize profits through whales.
With that said, I see a number of ways that Plarium can improve gameplay for users while also improving their revenue base, or improve game quality of life without imparing existing revenue. My thought is that the community would be better served to identify so-called "win\wins" and push for those specific improvements.
Here is my list:
QOL improvements that may lower quit rates

roll out stage 20 for potions & minitaur - increased energy usage partially/largely offsets increased drop rates, but mid/end game players don't have to spend significant time running these dungeons.
increase the number of EXP postions when dropped - Currently getting 1 is a slap in the face... 4-5 exp potions don't change game economics but will make players feel better.
Remove tail risk from artifact upgrades - After X failed rolls to upgrade, your chances of success can slowly and very marginally start to increase. The average rolls for success can even be kept unchanged by marginally lowering success rates overall. The end result is to remove the risk of that 40 rolls to go from 15 to 16 that costs 3 million for a banner. I would guess that anyone that has experience a truely terrible set of bad luck rolls from level 15 to 16 on an accesory has thought about quitting. Some, including spenders, almost surely have quit.
rearrange quests - covered ad naseum, but worth repeating. Maybe upcoming promised arena fixes address this, but all arena quests are significantly hard to achieve than other quests and represent an odd roadblock.
Improve Gem production rates with gem mine - 5 with first upgrade, 15 with second, 30 with third (currently 5/10/15). Users will be more likely to invest gems (aka buy gers with $$$).

Revenue Generating Win/Wins for Plarium
Plarium's current business model is similar to a casino where the high roller area takes up about 80% of the real estate of the casino. This contrasts with the modern business model that; while still keenly focused on whales, also has a plethora of other offerings to the masses. Plarium needs to expand it's mass appearl offerings (please refrain from what about FTP players, plarium wants to make $$, lets accept it).
spending $20 a month should allow for more consistent game playing then it does now. $10 for the Raid card + $10 for the monthly gem package would get more consistent buyers if it facilitated more game play. Currently the gem package + gem mine + daily refills + random other refills (events, tournement, login, etc... ) rarely facilitate completing the 100 runs on auto... ergo the primary pass benefit is useless... also users instead use scripts to auto.

half price gear removal once a month - users will probably waste more silver, since they will be more likely to de-gear and optimize.
Raid Pass - buyers get reduced the time for energy replensish from 2 to 3 minutes. A modest 240 increase in energy per day, but a real benefit.
Refills - Reduce refills from 40 to 30 gems - between gem mine, daily rewards, and the monthly gem pack, and misc refills, you now have enough energy daily to justify the raid pass autos, which will increase purchase rate of the raid pass.
Greatly increase lower value rewards in tournements and events - Congrats, you wone 5,000 "units" at the slot machine... but it's a penny slot. The revenue model works. More rare skill tombs, more silver, more exp potions, more double exp, more mystery shards (with added feature for 100 myster shards = 1 Ancient shard), etc... Moderately increase other items such as ancient shards, void shards, epic books, etc... tl;dr - Make it so that FTP and low pay customers have plenty of goodies to win, even if they've no hope of getting everything/high valued items without saving.
What about lost revenue from devauled goodies? - if smart, there won't be. Keep super high value items at current value/rarity. Whales will keep spending for sacred shards and legendary books. Introduce even higher value items to further entice whales... ie an "ideal shard" that gaurantees a legendary, or anchient void that gaurantees epic/legendary void.

I'm not here trying to encourage everyone to start doing the offer wall games, or start a discussion about Gumi's shady tactics. I am just wanting to share what my personal experience has been like trying to earn Visiore with the offer wall.
I started out Day 1 as a F2P, and only became a minnow to buy the daily visiore for WoL shards. It's not that I don't have the money to blow on this game. I just have other priorities that I need my income to go to, but enjoy WoTV enough to continue playing. When offerwall first showed up, I thought it was another attempt for Gumi to scam us. However after reading the thread from u/tuffymon, I was tempted to give it a try. See his threads here:
https://www.reddit.com/wotv_ffbe/comments/hymb6b/offerwall_revisited/
https://www.reddit.com/wotv_ffbe/comments/i1gnom/offerwall_revisted_part_2/
Over the course of 2 weeks, I amassed 17k visiore (with more to come) playing a total of 8 games. This additional vis allowed me to not only pull but MLB WoL within a week. As a F2P/minnow,I never thought I would be able to MLB a limited-time unit.
As far as time commitment for offerwall games, challenges generally took 3-7 days to complete and ~1-2 hours per day. The games can be divided into 3 types.

Base builders (GoT, State of Survival, Star Trek) - These initially take 4-5 hours to get started, and will require 1 hour a day afterward to keep the ball rolling. Takes around 4-5 days to complete. They can be quite fun if you are into those types of games. High payout.
Auto-leveling games (Idle Heroes, AFK arena) - About an hour a day for up to 3-4 days total. The game will auto generate EXP for you, and you only need to login to collect EXP and advance to a stage that will give more EXP. Easy but lower payout.
Casino games (Coin Master, Pop Slots) - Except for coin master and Pop slots, very luck based. Coin Master is an easier type of casino game and i will probably finish it in less than 3 days with 30-minutes to hour each day. Pop slots is more traditional casino game, but there is a website that gives away millions of chips for free. The other games I've tried (Billionaire, Caesars) are luck based, and I'm not sure I want to continue although there is a high payout.

I have read that there have been complaints with not getting paid out for the work. So far, every single attempt has paid me ::fingers crossed:: In an attempt to avoid not getting paid I made sure to stick to certain practices.

Stick to one device (non-emulator) for all offerwall games.
When you sign up for a game, install and open it right away.
When it's time to complete the challenge, don't have WoTV open on any other devices. Open WoTV on the offerwall device. I have always been paid within minutes of completing my challenge.
If a game disappears from offerwall after signing up, the challenge is still active and pays out after completion.

My hope is that by the time the FFT part 2 event rolls around, I will have enough visiore saved to MLB another limited time unit. I really felt like I missed out when I wasn't able to pull Cid on the last FFT banner. After that I plan take a break on offerwall challenges and go back to my regular pace of playing WoTV. Offerwall games can be time consuming, but also fun and rewarding.

https://preview.redd.it/ryzzlzlcf1h51.jpg?width=1080&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=11d7549bca7604a61ebdb91e4ed5909e8f11e56a

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In this article, I will describe what Freehold is. You may be wondering why I just chose this topic for the article?
I am involved in this project because its mission is to extend the usefulness of Bitcoin, which is more than just its storage, popularly known as "HODL". In addition, I believe that you should also get to know Freehold. Perhaps you will also find this project interesting and you want to join it and get involved in it.
Today, people mostly buy cryptocurrencies and store them for some time to sell them for a profit. Not all but most of them are not aware users of the projects that these cryptocurrencies represent and are not involved in the community of the project. As a rule, they are interested in the price chart on the stock exchange and how the price of a given cryptocurrency changes. They are counting on speculating to make huge profits. They just follow the buy, hold, sell for profit, and forget model.
Freehold believes that we need to abandon this attitude towards cryptocurrencies as a casino that gives us big profits thanks to luck and blind luck. The Freehold community is the first step towards evolving from the crypto casino to the informed and valuable decisions that the crypto community makes.

So how do you do it?
We certainly need more than just buying and holding cryptocurrency. It is necessary to increase the usefulness of a given project so that it naturally acquires fundamental value.
Investors who have invested their money in a given project will consciously want to help in its development. They will get the tools to do so. Thanks to this, they will become not only investors but also builders and co-creators. In this way, members of the resulting community will be strongly motivated to help this community and the project grow!

What is Proof of Hodl Login? Proof of Hodl Login is the ability to access a community or application only for the fact that you have certain cryptocurrencies. So you are a Holder and you can do more.
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You join a community not because you bought a token to earn a lot on its price increase, but because that community represents values or topics that you believe in and want to support. The cryptocurrency of this project would be the key to access the community, additional functions, and opportunities.
An example of such a Proof of Hodl Login concept can be my $JKCOIN personal token. If you have it, you have access to many privileges, e.g. access to the closed JKCOIN HOLDERS group, additional discounts on purchases in my company OpenArt Studio, a dedicated category with Premium products in the store available only for JKCOIN Holders, and many more benefits!
https://preview.redd.it/ini403rvox261.png?width=800&format=png&auto=webp&s=b94343cff50181ff60447fe9fb10e575dbaaf45d
JKCOIN is an example of a small community-focused only on me, my IT company, my financial blog, and everything I represent.
Just imagine some global project or ideas bringing together millions of people! Imagine the Bitcoin community! Here we come to the answer to the question of what is Freehold?

What is Freehold?
Freehold is a community of cryptocurrency stakeholders focused on improving the reputation, usability, and mission of their resources. The topic of community interest is Bitcoin and making it usable.
The Freehold community is just emerging. There are a few founders who could be compared to the company's founders. The first members of the Freehold community are the first employees of the company who are naturally involved in its development and identify with the company.
A system of attractive incentives offered by Freehold was created, rewarding the community for its contribution to development. The Bitcoin and STX cryptocurrencies serve this purpose, which first gives users proof of hold login and then gives further incentives to get involved.
For example, by performing smaller tasks, you receive rewards, thus building a larger project, which is the Stacks 2.0 ecosystem, making the Bitcoin cryptocurrency useful!
There has been a huge community around the world for several years now. Freehold today provides it with tools and resources to help this community work more effectively for the idea of Bitcoin and the increase in the utility of this cryptocurrency thanks to Stacks 2.0.
I believe that in the future Stacks 2.0 may create a new internet that we do not know yet. And the project itself is certainly one of the most interesting for the coming years.

https://preview.redd.it/p9m2fy7zox261.jpg?width=1084&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=acabd0edeb80b32412b9e245fce2a21653f5688e
Therefore, wouldn't it be worth taking part in it by joining the Freehold community?
I think so. If you want to join the Freehold project, go to this page:
https://www.joinfreehold.com/

Find out more here:
https://www.joinfreehold.com/post/welcome-to-freehold
https://youtu.be/l1JxytskLzw
https://youtu.be/hEZg3jXztLs

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How do you want to do this? A Discussion on Selective Rule Enforcement

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